Die jeweiligen Eigenarten und Stimmungen von Landschaften lassen sich treffend und wiedererkennbar charakterisieren. Versucht man jedoch, den landschaftsbildenden Prozessen analytisch näherzukommen, wird gerade die Komplexität des landschaftlichen Gesamteindruckes nur unzureichend erfasst und wiedergegeben. Dieser Artikel untersucht daher die unterschiedlichen Qualitäten von Ökosystemen und Landschaften sowie die Frage, inwiefern man eine Landschaft auch als übergeordneten Organismus ansehen kann. Wichtige Eigenschaften von Systemen, Organismen und Landschaften werden vergegenwärtigt, die Unterschiede systemischen und organischen Denkens herausgearbeitet und an Beispielen verdeutlicht. Eigenart und Schönheit der Landschaft erweisen sich als aktuell anschaubares Bild des Genius loci, der Landschaftsorganismus als sein gegenwärtiger physischer Ausdruck. Jeder Ort der Erde ist einmalig und einzigartig, hat jedoch bei natürlicher Entwicklung keinen Freiheitsgrad. Die Einzigartigkeit ist daher eine notwendige, aber nicht hinreichende Bedingung für die Individualisierung eines Ortes; individuell wird ein Ort erst dann, wenn der Mensch ihn nach seinen Ideen und Bedürfnissen bewirtschaftet und verändert und damit aus der natürlich-zwangsläufigen Entwicklung zum Klimax-Stadium heraushebt. Ein verantwortungsbewusster, freier Umgang mit einem Erdenort kann zu einer neuen Individualisierung der Landschaft in ihrem Gesamtzusammenhang führen. Verantwortungsbewusste Handlungen sind auf denjenigen Bereich begrenzt, für den man zuständig ist. Man kann daher die landwirtschaftliche Betriebsindividualität als Landschaftsglied betrachten und entwickeln.
N1 -The particular characteristics and moods of landscapes can be appropriately and recognisably described. But if we try to approach formative processes of landscapes analytically, we will insufficiently grasp and represent the complexity of the overall impression of a particular landscape. Therefore this article investigates the different qualities of ecosystems and landscapes as well as the question as to what extent a landscape can be regarded as an organism of a higher order. Important properties of systems, organisms and landscapes are discussed, the differences between systemic and organic thinking examined and clarified with examples. The character and beauty of a landscape present themselves as an actual observable picture of the genius loci, the organism of the landscape as its present, physical expression. Every place on earth is unique, yet with only natural development it has no degree of freedom. The uniqueness is thus a necessary but not sufficient condition for the individualisation of a place. A place only becomes individual when people manage it and modify it according to their ideas and needs, and thereby raise it from its naturally determined development to a climax stage. Engaging with a place on earth, in a way that is both more free and aware of responsibility, can lead to a new individualisation of the overall context of a landscape. A person’s actions through awareness of responsibility are limited to their areas of competence. We can therefore consider the individuality of a farm as a part of the landscape and develop it accordingly.
AB -The particular characteristics and moods of landscapes can be appropriately and recognisably described. But if we try to approach formative processes of landscapes analytically, we will insufficiently grasp and represent the complexity of the overall impression of a particular landscape. Therefore this article investigates the different qualities of ecosystems and landscapes as well as the question as to what extent a landscape can be regarded as an organism of a higher order. Important properties of systems, organisms and landscapes are discussed, the differences between systemic and organic thinking examined and clarified with examples. The character and beauty of a landscape present themselves as an actual observable picture of the genius loci, the organism of the landscape as its present, physical expression. Every place on earth is unique, yet with only natural development it has no degree of freedom. The uniqueness is thus a necessary but not sufficient condition for the individualisation of a place. A place only becomes individual when people manage it and modify it according to their ideas and needs, and thereby raise it from its naturally determined development to a climax stage. Engaging with a place on earth, in a way that is both more free and aware of responsibility, can lead to a new individualisation of the overall context of a landscape. A person’s actions through awareness of responsibility are limited to their areas of competence. We can therefore consider the individuality of a farm as a part of the landscape and develop it accordingly.
ST - Landschaftsgestaltung UR - https://dx.doi.org/10.18756/edn.89.23 Y2 - 2024-04-25 03:58:34 ER -