Hintergrund und Zielsetzung: Vorstellendes und rein ideelles Denken sind
zentrale Instrumente sowie Vorbedingungen des selbständigen menschlichen
Erkennens und freien Handelns. Ihre genauere Untersuchung bietet ein Fundament
für die Phänomenologie des denkenden Bewusstseins, insbesondere für die
Vorstellungslehre, die Denklehre, die Erkenntnislehre und für die Ideenlehre oder
Universalienlehre.
Material und Methoden: Anhand konkreter Vorstellungs- und Denkübungen
werden unterschiedliche Arten des Vorstellens und Denkens herausgearbeitet.
Im Vordergrund steht die individuelle Erfahrung dieser Prozesse und deren
eigenständige begriffliche Aufklärung.
Ergebnisse: Ausgehend von der Ideenbildung durch das tätige Denken anhand
konkreter Wahrnehmungen wird der Übergang von der Vorstellungslehre zur
Universalienlehre herausgearbeitet und darauf aufbauend vier Stufen beweglichen
Denkens und tätiger Ideenbildung entwickelt. Es wird auf die Zusammenhänge
dieser Stufen des Vorstellens und Denkens mit den Stufen der Universalien, der
Erkenntnismethodik, den Dimensionen des Selbst und den Formen des Erkennens
aufmerksam gemacht.
Schlussfolgerung: Eine differenzierte Bekanntheit mit Phänomenen des tätigen
Vorstellens und der Methoden des Denkens sind notwendige Vorbedingungen
vertiefter, ideenklarer, konkreter und fruchtbarer Selbst- und Welterkenntnis. [...]
Levels of consciousness and order of nature: elements of a natural philosophy, part I:
representations in action, realism of universals and levels of supersensible knowledge
Background and objective: Thinking in representations (mental pictures) and
pure thinking are important instruments as well as prerequisites of autonomous and
individual knowledge acquisition and of human free actions. A thorough analysis
generates an important base for any phenomenology of the active consciousness;
in particular, it provides a foundation for the study of the thinking process, the
knowledge process and the status of ideas or universals.
Materials and methods: In going through some specific examples of
representations and concepts different aspects and levels of representations and of
ideas and their use are explored. The emphasis lies on gaining individual experiences
of these processes as well as their autonomous conceptual elucidation.
Results: Starting with the conception of ideas through interaction with
perceptions, the active development of thinking is worked out as well as a
transition to the study of representations and universals. This forms the base for
demonstrating four levels of versatile thinking and active composition of ideas.
These levels of representations and concepts are related to the levels of the universals,
to the methods of knowledge acquisition, dimensions of the self/I and levels of
supersensible knowledge.
Conclusion: Insights into the subtle levels of active representations and of
different methods of conceptions are necessary conditions of any deep, rational,
specific and fruitful knowledge of the self and the world. [...]
Levels of consciousness and order of nature: elements of a natural philosophy, part I:
representations in action, realism of universals and levels of supersensible knowledge
Background and objective: Thinking in representations (mental pictures) and
pure thinking are important instruments as well as prerequisites of autonomous and
individual knowledge acquisition and of human free actions. A thorough analysis
generates an important base for any phenomenology of the active consciousness;
in particular, it provides a foundation for the study of the thinking process, the
knowledge process and the status of ideas or universals.
Materials and methods: In going through some specific examples of
representations and concepts different aspects and levels of representations and of
ideas and their use are explored. The emphasis lies on gaining individual experiences
of these processes as well as their autonomous conceptual elucidation.
Results: Starting with the conception of ideas through interaction with
perceptions, the active development of thinking is worked out as well as a
transition to the study of representations and universals. This forms the base for
demonstrating four levels of versatile thinking and active composition of ideas.
These levels of representations and concepts are related to the levels of the universals,
to the methods of knowledge acquisition, dimensions of the self/I and levels of
supersensible knowledge.
Conclusion: Insights into the subtle levels of active representations and of
different methods of conceptions are necessary conditions of any deep, rational,
specific and fruitful knowledge of the self and the world. [...]